Plants of the genus Euphorbia have been investigated for different bioactive natural products. I have isolated several new and bioactive diterpenoids from different species of Euphorbia of Iran with myrsinane type skeleton. The STRUCTURE of the compounds was determined using high resolution mass spectroscopy, 1 D and 2 D NMR spectral data. The stereochemistry of the diterpenoids was determined by NOE difference spectroscopy and ROESY spectra. Myrsinane type diterpenoids and cycloartane type triterpenoids were found to be chemotaxonomically important constituents of the Euphorbia plants of Iran. Some of the diterpenoids showed enzyme inhibitory activity against alpha-glycosidase, prolyl endopeptidase, analgesic activity, DNA damaging activity and anti-HIV-1 reverse transcriptase

In this paper, a novel enzymatic method was evaluated for isolation and purification of wood lignin. The chemical STRUCTURE of enzymatic lignin (Cellulytic lignin) was compared with conventional Bjorkman method (Milled wood lignin). The chemical STRUCTURE ELUCIDATION was performed with FTIR, quantative 13CNMR, basic elemental analysis and Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC). The results showed that enzymatic lignin preparation has a better chemical STRUCTURE than MWL. Comparing to conventional isolation methods, application of an enzyme sequence with reduced milling time could lead to a mild extraction with less structural degradation of lignin. Resulting lignin could be more representative for wood lignin than milled wood lignin.

The study of alkaloids from methanolic extract of Crucianella sintenisii from Rubiaceae family has not been studied yet. In this research, the methanolic extract was initially prepared from the aerial parts of Crucianella sintenisii, and then the resulting extract was acidified by acetic acid to remove neutral compounds. The neutral compounds were extracted by EtOAc (ethyl acetate). The resulting extract was alkalized with NH3 (25%), and then extracted with chloroform solvent. Finally, the crude alkaloid is extracted and ready to be injected into the MPLC device. One fraction was isolated, and the STRUCTURE of 2-methyl-3-phenyl indole from the category of indole alkaloids was confirmed by using the spectroscopic techniques (NMR, ESI-MS, and IR). The therapeutic activities of the plant indole alkaloids are extensive, and most of these activities are related to the indole core in these STRUCTUREs.

Background: Apiaceae family is one of the largest plant families with wide distribution all around the world. The genus Hippomarathrum has 28 species around the world which among them the species H. microcarpum outspread in the North, Northwest, West and Central of Iran, and also Turkey, Caucasus and Iraq. Objective: In this study, the main compounds in ethyl acetate extract from aerial parts of the plant Hippomarathrum microcarpum have been studied. Methods: The isolation and purification of the compounds were carried out using column chromatography. The STRUCTURE of isolated compound established according 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectral data. Results: Two coumarins (osthole and isoimperatorin) and one sterol (β-sitosterol) have been isolated and identified from ethyl acetate extract. Conclusion: The presence of coumarines like osthole and isoimperatorin in H. microcarpum cause of the importance of this plant. This coumarines have verity of usages in traditional medicine and recent studies have supported most of these usages and revealed new effects of these coumarines. As regard that more research haven't been done about this plant and also because of significance effects of isolated coumarines, it seems necessary to perform further studies on biological effects of this plant.

The rootes of Chinese sage, Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (labieteae) are used to prepare an important traditional medicine in the Chinese pharmacoepia, Dan Shen. Indeed, related members of this genus are common traditional medicines throughout the world, making Salvia species the targets of intense phytochemical investigations. The active constituents of these species have been reported to be several abietanoids diterpenes bearing o-quinone or p-quinones. In this report we will present results of our investigation of Salvia species alogwith thesynthesis of some active STRUCTUREs

Background: The genus Ferula contains more than 130 species all over the world that its 30 species have been found in Iran. There are several studies on phyochemicals of Ferula species, but no study has been reported from Ferula ovina.Objective: Identification and STRUCTURE ELUCIDATION of chemical constituents of Ferula ovina roots.Methods: Dichloromethane extract of F. ovina roots was obtained using maceration. The extract was concentrated by solvent evaporation and 20 g of the concentrated extract subjected to normal phase column (60 × 5 cm) chromatography. The elution of column was started by petroleum ether and continued by increasing amount of ethyl acetate, resulting going out compounds in the order of polarity. The volume of collecting fractions was 250 mL and those fractions that have similar spots in TLC experiment were combined.Results: Three pure major compounds, namely, stylosin, tschimgine and ferutinin were finally obtained. Their STRUCTUREs were determined by 1D and 2D NMR experiments. The former two compounds were monoterpene derivatives and the latter was a sesquiterpene derivative.Conclusion: Dichloromethane extract of F. ovina roots contains three known major compounds, stylosin, tschimgine and ferutinin. Regarding the presence of high amount of ferutinin as one of the most potent natural estrogens in this species, the importance of this Ferula species emerged.